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ANALYSIS REPORTFictional sample05.07.2026

Periprosthetic femoral fractures in Total Hip Arthroplasty (THA): a comparison between osteosynthesis and revision in a retrospective cohort study

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Key Points

  • 1Single-centre Italian retrospective cohort of 64 Vancouver B periprosthetic femoral fractures comparing osteosynthesis versus revision THA; clinically relevant Vancouver classification-stratified results, but very small sample limits statistical power and no survival analysis is performed for the re-operation endpoint.

Major Issues

Methods / Design: Very small sample (n = 64 total; n = 32 per group) provides very low statistical power for detecting the observed re-operation rate difference (14.3% vs. 8.3%); post-hoc power calculation would reveal the study is underpowered to exclude a clinically meaningful difference between strategies.
Results: Re-operation as the primary endpoint is analysed as a proportion with chi-squared test; Kaplan–Meier time-to-re-operation curve is absent, preventing assessment of whether failure timing differs between osteosynthesis and revision groups.
Methods: Surgical strategy (osteosynthesis vs. revision) was allocated by surgeon discretion, not a pre-specified protocol; this introduces indication bias — surgeons may preferentially select osteosynthesis for less challenging B2 cases, confounding the outcome comparison.
Methods / Results: Harris Hip Score has well-documented ceiling effects in THA populations; a substantial proportion of patients may score in the ≥90 range regardless of treatment, making it insensitive to clinically relevant functional differences between strategies.

Priority Action Plan

HIGH IMPACT

Problem

Add Kaplan–Meier time-to-re-operation analysis with log-rank test as the primary statistical approach for the main endpoint.

Why it matters

Time-to-event analysis is the standard for surgical failure endpoints in arthroplasty literature; chi-squared on proportions ignores timing and follow-up variability.

Suggested fix

Add Kaplan–Meier time-to-re-operation analysis with log-rank test as the primary statistical approach for the main endpoint.

HIGH IMPACT

Problem

Report post-hoc power calculation; explicitly frame the study as hypothesis-generating and underpowered if confirmed; propose a multicentre registry extension.

Why it matters

A 'no significant difference' finding in a study of 64 patients does not constitute equivalence evidence; clearly quantifying power prevents misleading clinical interpretation.

Suggested fix

Report post-hoc power calculation; explicitly frame the study as hypothesis-generating and underpowered if confirmed; propose a multicentre registry extension.

MEDIUM IMPACT

Problem

Add Oxford Hip Score or EQ-5D as a supplementary PROM alongside Harris Hip Score; compare against national registry benchmarks.

Why it matters

HHS ceiling effects in THA populations limit sensitivity to functional differences; PROMS aligning with registry data enable external benchmarking.

Suggested fix

Add Oxford Hip Score or EQ-5D as a supplementary PROM alongside Harris Hip Score; compare against national registry benchmarks.

Quick win: The decade of consecutive PFF data is a genuine strength. The main revision priorities are statistical: add Kaplan–Meier survival curves for re-operation, report power calculations, and explicitly acknowledge the underpowering for the primary endpoint. These additions are achievable without new data collection and would substantially improve the manuscript.

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